Kenneth Arrow was an influential American economist and a key figure in the field of social choice theory. Born in 1921, he made significant contributions to economics, particularly through his work on the Arrow's Impossibility Theorem, which demonstrates the challenges of creating a fair voting system that reflects the preferences of individuals. In 1972, Arrow was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his pioneering research on general equilibrium theory and welfare economics. His work has had a lasting impact on various disciplines, including economics, political science, and philosophy, shaping how we understand decision-making and resource allocation in society.