Katarzyna II, also known as Catherine the Great, was the Empress of Russia from 1762 until her death in 1796. She was born in Szczecin, Poland in 1729 and married the future Emperor Peter III. After his overthrow, she ascended to the throne and became one of Russia's most influential rulers. During her reign, Katarzyna II expanded the Russian Empire significantly, gaining territories in Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region. She is also known for her efforts in modernizing Russia, promoting education, and supporting the arts, which helped to elevate the country's status in Europe.