The Jones polynomial is a mathematical invariant of a knot or link, introduced by mathematician Vaughan Jones in 1984. It assigns a polynomial to each knot or link, which helps distinguish between different types. The polynomial is derived from a specific type of algebraic structure called a braid and can be computed using a recursive formula based on the crossings in a knot diagram. This polynomial is particularly useful in the field of topology, as it provides insights into the properties of knots and links. The Jones polynomial has applications in various areas, including quantum computing and statistical mechanics, making it a significant tool in both mathematics and physics.