John III, Duke of Cleves was a nobleman who ruled from 1521 until his death in 1539. He was born in 1490 and belonged to the House of Cleves, a prominent family in the region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. John III is known for his efforts to strengthen his duchy and maintain its independence during a time of political turmoil in Europe. During his reign, John III engaged in various alliances and conflicts, particularly with the Holy Roman Empire and neighboring territories. He was also involved in the Reformation, which influenced religious and political dynamics in his duchy. His legacy includes the promotion of trade and culture in Cleves.