John H. McCarthy was an influential American computer scientist, best known for his pioneering work in artificial intelligence (AI). He coined the term "artificial intelligence" in 1956 and organized the Dartmouth Conference, which is considered the founding event of AI as a field. His contributions laid the groundwork for many AI technologies we use today. In addition to his work in AI, McCarthy developed the programming language LISP, which became a standard tool for AI research. He also made significant contributions to automated reasoning and knowledge representation, helping to advance the understanding of how machines can simulate human thought processes.