Joe Hill was an influential American labor activist and songwriter, born on October 2, 1879, in Sweden. He became a prominent figure in the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), advocating for workers' rights and social justice through his music. His songs, such as "The Preacher and the Slave," highlighted the struggles of the working class and inspired many during the early 20th century. In 1914, Hill was wrongfully convicted of murder in a controversial trial that many believe was politically motivated. He was executed by firing squad on November 19, 1915, becoming a martyr for the labor movement and leaving a lasting legacy in American history.