Jiang is a common Chinese surname that has historical significance and is associated with various notable figures in Chinese history. It is often romanized as "Chiang" in some contexts, particularly in reference to Chiang Kai-shek, a prominent military and political leader in the early 20th century. In addition to being a surname, Jiang can also refer to a river in Chinese, specifically the Yangtze River, which is the longest river in Asia. The term is often used in geographical contexts to describe regions or features associated with rivers in China.