A "Jewish sect" refers to a subgroup within Judaism that has distinct beliefs, practices, or interpretations of religious texts. Throughout history, various sects have emerged, often in response to social, political, or theological changes. Examples include the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes during the Second Temple period, each with unique perspectives on Jewish law and tradition. In modern times, Jewish sects can include groups like Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform Judaism, which differ in their approaches to religious observance and interpretation of Jewish law. These sects reflect the diversity within the Jewish community and contribute to its rich cultural and religious tapestry.