Jazz is a music genre that originated in the early 20th century in the African American communities of New Orleans. It is characterized by its swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms, and improvisation. Influential artists like Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington helped shape its development, making it a foundational genre in American music. Hip-Hop emerged in the 1970s in the Bronx, New York City, as a cultural movement encompassing music, dance, art, and fashion. It features rhythmic vocal style known as rapping, along with DJing, beatboxing, and graffiti art. Pioneers like DJ Kool Herc and Grandmaster Flash played crucial roles in its rise, leading to a global influence that continues today.