Java Networking refers to the capabilities within the Java programming language that allow developers to create applications capable of communicating over a network. This includes sending and receiving data between computers, which can be done using various protocols like TCP and UDP. Java provides a rich set of classes and interfaces in the java.net package to facilitate these operations. Using Java Networking, developers can build client-server applications, where a client requests services from a server. This is commonly seen in web applications, where a browser (client) communicates with a web server to retrieve web pages. The simplicity and robustness of Java's networking features make it a popular choice for networked applications.