Japanese swordmaking is a traditional craft that involves creating high-quality swords, primarily the katana. The process begins with selecting the right type of steel, often tamahagane, which is smelted from iron sand. Craftsmen, known as tosho, use a combination of folding and hammering techniques to create a strong and flexible blade. The swordmaking process includes several key steps: forging, shaping, heat treatment, and polishing. Each stage requires skill and precision to ensure the sword's durability and sharpness. The final product is not only a weapon but also a work of art, often adorned with intricate designs and fittings, reflecting the rich history of Japanese culture.