Jan Sobieski was a Polish king who reigned from 1674 to 1696. He is best known for his military leadership, particularly during the Battle of Vienna in 1683, where he played a crucial role in defeating the Ottoman Empire. His victory helped to protect Europe from further Ottoman expansion and earned him a reputation as a hero. Sobieski was also a patron of the arts and sciences, promoting cultural development in Poland. His reign is often seen as a time of relative stability and prosperity, contributing to the legacy of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He is remembered as one of Poland's most significant historical figures.