James Ferguson was an 18th-century Scottish astronomer and writer known for his contributions to popularizing astronomy. He authored several books, including "Astronomy Explained upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles," which made complex astronomical concepts accessible to the general public. Ferguson's work helped to inspire interest in science during the Enlightenment period. In addition to his writing, Ferguson was also a skilled instrument maker. He created various astronomical devices, such as orreries, which are mechanical models of the solar system. His efforts significantly influenced the education of astronomy and the understanding of celestial mechanics, paving the way for future astronomers like William Herschel.