James B. Eads was an American civil engineer and inventor, best known for his work on the Mississippi River and the construction of the Eads Bridge in St. Louis, Missouri. Born on May 23, 1820, he played a significant role in improving navigation and flood control along the river, which was crucial for trade and transportation in the 19th century. Eads was also notable for his innovative use of steel in bridge construction, which was groundbreaking at the time. His engineering techniques and designs contributed to the development of modern civil engineering practices, making him a prominent figure in American engineering history.