The term "Jagiellonian" primarily refers to the Jagiellonian dynasty, a royal family that ruled over several Central and Eastern European countries, including Poland and Lithuania, from the late 14th to the 16th centuries. This dynasty is known for its significant contributions to the political and cultural landscape of the region, fostering alliances and promoting the Union of Krewo in 1385. Additionally, "Jagiellonian" is associated with the Jagiellonian University, one of the oldest universities in the world, founded in Kraków in 1364. The university has played a crucial role in the development of education and science in Poland and has produced many notable scholars and leaders throughout its history.