JVM languages are programming languages that run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which allows them to be platform-independent. This means that code written in these languages can run on any device that has a JVM installed, making it versatile and widely used. Popular JVM languages include Java, Kotlin, and Scala. These languages often leverage the features of Java, such as its rich ecosystem and libraries, while also introducing their own unique syntax and capabilities. This allows developers to choose a language that best fits their needs while still benefiting from the robust performance and security provided by the JVM.