J.R.R. 톨킨 (John Ronald Reuel Tolkien) was an English writer, philologist, and academic, best known for his high-fantasy works. He was born on January 3, 1892, in Bloemfontein, South Africa, and later moved to England. His most famous books include The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, which have become classics in literature and have inspired numerous adaptations in film and other media. Tolkien's writing is characterized by its rich world-building and intricate languages, reflecting his deep interest in linguistics. He served as a professor at the University of Oxford, where he developed his ideas about mythology and storytelling. His works have had a lasting impact on the fantasy genre and continue to be celebrated by readers around the world.