J. M. W. Turner was a British painter born on April 23, 1775, in London. He is best known for his expressive use of color and light, which helped to shape the Romantic movement in art. Turner's works often depict landscapes, seascapes, and historical scenes, showcasing his fascination with nature and the effects of weather. Turner became a member of the Royal Academy in 1802 and produced over 2,000 artworks during his lifetime. His innovative techniques influenced many later artists, including the Impressionists. Some of his most famous paintings include The Fighting Temeraire and Rain, Steam and Speed. He passed away on December 19, 1851.