The Italian Penal Code is the primary legal framework governing criminal law in Italy. Established in 1930, it outlines various offenses, penalties, and legal procedures for prosecuting crimes. The code is designed to protect public order and individual rights while ensuring justice is served. The code is divided into two main parts: general principles and specific offenses. The general part covers fundamental legal concepts, such as culpability and defenses, while the specific part details particular crimes, including theft, assault, and homicide. This structure helps maintain clarity and consistency in the application of criminal law across the country.