The Italian Criminal Code is the primary legal framework governing criminal law in Italy. Established in 1930, it outlines various offenses, penalties, and legal procedures. The code categorizes crimes into different types, such as felonies and misdemeanors, and provides guidelines for prosecution and defense. The code is divided into two main parts: the general part, which covers fundamental principles and legal definitions, and the special part, which details specific crimes like theft, assault, and fraud. It serves to ensure justice and maintain public order by defining unacceptable behaviors and their consequences.