Italian Baroque Art emerged in the late 16th century and flourished until the early 18th century. Characterized by dramatic use of light and shadow, it aimed to evoke emotion and grandeur. Artists like Caravaggio and Gian Lorenzo Bernini utilized dynamic compositions and rich colors to create a sense of movement and depth. This style was often associated with the Catholic Church's Counter-Reformation efforts, promoting religious themes and narratives. Notable works include Bernini's sculptures in St. Peter's Basilica and Caravaggio's intense paintings, which transformed the visual arts by emphasizing realism and emotional engagement.