Islamic art and architecture encompass a wide range of artistic expressions developed in the Islamic world from the 7th century onward. This art is characterized by intricate geometric patterns, calligraphy, and floral motifs, often avoiding figurative representation due to religious beliefs. Notable examples include the stunning tile work of the Alhambra in Spain and the grand domes of the Sultan Ahmed Mosque in Turkey. Architecture in Islamic culture often features large courtyards, minarets, and elaborate arches. Structures like the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Mosque of Samarra in Iraq showcase the unique blend of functionality and beauty. These elements reflect the cultural and spiritual values of the Islamic faith.