"Ishmael" is a novel by Daniel Quinn that explores deep philosophical questions through the story of a man who answers a newspaper ad seeking a student. The teacher, a telepathic gorilla named Ishmael, guides the protagonist on a journey to understand humanity's place in the world. Through their conversations, they discuss themes like civilization, culture, and the environment. The book challenges readers to rethink their beliefs about society and the impact of human actions on the planet. Ishmael's teachings encourage a more harmonious relationship with nature and highlight the importance of understanding our history to create a better future.