Iron fortification is the process of adding iron to food products to help prevent iron deficiency, a common nutritional issue worldwide. This practice is often applied to staple foods like flour, rice, and salt, making it easier for people to obtain the necessary amount of iron in their diets. Iron is essential for producing hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Fortifying foods with iron can significantly improve public health, especially in vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and young children, who are at higher risk for iron deficiency anemia.