The ionosphere is a region of Earth's upper atmosphere, extending from about 30 miles (48 kilometers) to 600 miles (965 kilometers) above the surface. It is filled with charged particles, which are created by solar radiation. This layer plays a crucial role in radio communication and GPS systems, as it reflects and refracts radio waves. In addition to its importance for communication, the ionosphere is also a key player in space weather phenomena. Changes in the ionosphere can affect satellite operations and even power grids on Earth. Understanding this layer helps scientists predict and mitigate the impacts of solar storms.