Ionic transport refers to the movement of ions across cell membranes, which is essential for various biological processes. This movement can occur through passive transport, where ions flow along their concentration gradient, or active transport, which requires energy to move ions against their gradient. Ionic transport plays a crucial role in maintaining the cell's electrical balance and is vital for functions such as nerve signaling and muscle contraction. Specialized proteins, known as ion channels and pumps, facilitate this transport, ensuring that the right ions are present in the right concentrations within and outside the cell.