The intestinal mucosa is the innermost layer of the intestine, playing a crucial role in digestion and absorption. It consists of epithelial cells that line the intestinal tract, providing a barrier against pathogens and facilitating nutrient uptake. This layer is also involved in secreting mucus and digestive enzymes. Additionally, the intestinal mucosa contains specialized structures called villi and microvilli, which increase the surface area for absorption. These tiny projections help maximize the efficiency of nutrient absorption from food. The health of the intestinal mucosa is vital for overall digestive health and can be affected by various conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease.