The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization established in 1944 to promote global economic stability and growth. It provides financial assistance and advice to member countries facing economic difficulties, helping them stabilize their economies and restore growth. The IMF also monitors global economic trends and offers technical assistance and training to improve financial management. The organization has 190 member countries, each contributing financial resources based on their economic size. The IMF plays a crucial role in addressing balance of payments problems and fostering international monetary cooperation, making it an essential player in the global economy.