The internal iliac arteries are major blood vessels that branch off from the common iliac arteries. They are located in the pelvis and supply blood to the pelvic organs, gluteal region, and part of the lower limbs. Each internal iliac artery divides into anterior and posterior branches, which further supply various structures, including the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs. These arteries play a crucial role in the vascular system, ensuring that essential organs receive adequate blood flow. Conditions affecting the internal iliac arteries, such as blockages or aneurysms, can lead to significant health issues, impacting the function of the pelvic organs and surrounding tissues.