Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) are tools used to evaluate the interactions between human activities and the environment, particularly in the context of climate change. They combine knowledge from various fields, such as economics, environmental science, and energy systems, to assess the impacts of different policy decisions on both the economy and the climate. IAMs help policymakers understand the potential outcomes of various strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By simulating different scenarios, these models provide insights into the costs and benefits of actions like transitioning to renewable energy sources or implementing carbon taxes, aiding in informed decision-making for sustainable development.