An Instrument Landing System (ILS) is a ground-based navigation aid that helps pilots land aircraft safely, especially in low visibility conditions. It provides precise guidance on the aircraft's horizontal and vertical position relative to the runway. The system consists of two main components: the localizer, which guides the aircraft along the centerline of the runway, and the glide slope, which helps maintain the correct descent angle. ILS is crucial for commercial aviation, as it enhances safety and efficiency during landings. Airports equipped with ILS can accommodate a wider range of weather conditions, allowing for more consistent flight operations. This technology is essential for ensuring that flights can land safely at airports worldwide.