Ingroup-outgroup relations refer to the social dynamics between groups of people. The "ingroup" consists of individuals who share common characteristics, such as beliefs, ethnicity, or interests, fostering a sense of belonging and loyalty. Conversely, the "outgroup" includes those who do not share these traits, often leading to perceptions of difference or competition. These relations can influence behavior, attitudes, and social interactions. People may show favoritism towards their ingroup, which can result in bias or discrimination against the outgroup. Understanding these dynamics is essential in fields like psychology, sociology, and conflict resolution to promote social harmony and reduce prejudice.