Information warfare refers to the strategic use of information and communication technologies to gain an advantage over opponents. This can involve spreading false information, manipulating social media, or hacking into systems to steal sensitive data. The goal is often to influence public opinion, disrupt decision-making processes, or undermine trust in institutions. In today's digital age, governments, organizations, and even individuals can engage in information warfare. For example, during elections, political parties may use targeted ads to sway voters or spread misleading narratives. Understanding information warfare is crucial, as it highlights the importance of critical thinking and media literacy in navigating the complex information landscape.