The "Indian New Wave" refers to a movement in Indian cinema that emerged in the late 1960s and continued into the 1980s. It was characterized by a shift from traditional Bollywood films to more realistic and socially relevant storytelling. Filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, Shyam Benegal, and Gulzar focused on themes such as poverty, gender issues, and the complexities of Indian society, often using innovative narrative techniques. This movement was influenced by global cinema trends, including the French New Wave and Italian Neorealism. The Indian New Wave produced critically acclaimed films that received international recognition, helping to establish a new identity for Indian cinema beyond commercial entertainment.