Independent System Operators (ISOs) are organizations that manage the electrical grid in a specific region. They ensure that electricity supply meets demand by coordinating the flow of electricity from various sources, such as power plants and renewable energy facilities. ISOs help maintain grid reliability and facilitate fair access to the electricity market for all participants. ISOs operate independently from utility companies, which helps prevent conflicts of interest. They also play a crucial role in integrating renewable energy sources, like solar and wind, into the grid. By doing so, ISOs support efforts to create a more sustainable and efficient energy system.