Independence of Belarus refers to the country's status as a sovereign nation, which was officially declared on August 25, 1991. This followed the dissolution of the Soviet Union, allowing Belarus to establish its own government and constitution. The declaration marked a significant shift in the political landscape of Eastern Europe. Since gaining independence, Belarus has faced various challenges, including political unrest and economic difficulties. The leadership of Alexander Lukashenko, who has been in power since 1994, has been a focal point of both domestic and international criticism regarding human rights and democratic practices.