An "incumbent" refers to a person currently holding a specific position or office, especially in politics. For example, in a government election, the incumbent is the individual who is already in office and is seeking re-election. This term can apply to various roles, including mayors, governors, and presidents. Incumbents often have advantages over challengers, such as established name recognition and access to resources. They may also have a record of accomplishments that they can campaign on. However, they can face challenges, especially if public opinion shifts or if there are significant issues during their term.