An image format refers to the specific way in which digital images are encoded and stored. Common formats include JPEG, PNG, and GIF, each with unique characteristics. For example, JPEG is widely used for photographs due to its ability to compress file size while maintaining quality, while PNG supports transparency and is often used for graphics. Different image formats serve various purposes based on their features. GIF is popular for simple animations, while TIFF is favored in professional photography for its high quality. Understanding these formats helps users choose the right one for their needs, whether for web use or printing.