Image file types refer to the various formats used to store digital images. Common types include JPEG, PNG, and GIF. JPEG is widely used for photographs due to its efficient compression, while PNG supports transparency and is ideal for graphics. GIF is popular for simple animations and supports a limited color palette. Each image file type has its own advantages and disadvantages. For instance, JPEG loses some quality when compressed, making it less suitable for images that require high detail. In contrast, PNG retains quality but results in larger file sizes. Understanding these differences helps users choose the right format for their needs.