Ideological polarization refers to the growing divide between different political beliefs and values within a society. This phenomenon often leads to individuals aligning more closely with extreme viewpoints, making it difficult to find common ground. As people become more entrenched in their beliefs, discussions about important issues, such as climate change or healthcare, can become contentious and unproductive. The rise of social media has contributed to ideological polarization by creating echo chambers, where individuals are exposed primarily to opinions that reinforce their own. This can result in a lack of understanding or empathy for opposing viewpoints, further deepening societal divides. As a result, political discourse may become more hostile and less collaborative.