IL2RA is a gene that encodes a protein known as the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain. This protein plays a crucial role in the immune system by helping regulate the activity of T cells, which are essential for immune responses. The interleukin-2 receptor is involved in cell signaling, allowing T cells to respond to the cytokine interleukin-2, promoting their growth and activation. Mutations or variations in the IL2RA gene have been associated with several autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Understanding the function of IL2RA can help researchers develop targeted therapies to modulate immune responses and treat these conditions more effectively.