IL-34 is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of a group of molecules known as cytokines, which help regulate immune responses and inflammation. IL-34 specifically promotes the survival and function of certain immune cells called macrophages, which are essential for fighting infections and maintaining tissue health. This cytokine is produced by various cells in the body, including fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Research has shown that IL-34 is involved in several diseases, such as autoimmune disorders and cancer, making it a potential target for new therapeutic strategies.