Hydrostatics is the branch of physics that studies fluids at rest. It focuses on understanding the pressure exerted by liquids and gases when they are not in motion. Key principles include Pascal's principle, which states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions, and Archimedes' principle, which explains buoyancy and how objects float or sink in a fluid. In hydrostatics, the behavior of fluids is analyzed using concepts like density, pressure, and equilibrium. The pressure in a fluid increases with depth due to the weight of the fluid above. This knowledge is essential in various applications, including engineering, meteorology, and underwater exploration.