Hydraulic turbines are machines that convert the energy of flowing or falling water into mechanical energy. They are commonly used in hydroelectric power plants to generate electricity. The water's kinetic energy turns the turbine blades, which are connected to a generator that produces electrical power. There are several types of hydraulic turbines, including Francis, Kaplan, and Pelton turbines, each designed for specific water flow conditions. These turbines are essential for harnessing renewable energy from water sources, making them a key component in sustainable energy production.