The Hungarian avant-garde refers to a movement in the early 20th century that sought to challenge traditional artistic norms and explore new forms of expression. It emerged in Hungary during a time of political and social change, influenced by broader European trends in Dadaism, Surrealism, and Constructivism. Artists and writers experimented with innovative techniques and materials, often emphasizing abstraction and the subconscious. Key figures in the Hungarian avant-garde include László Moholy-Nagy, a prominent painter and photographer, and Béla Bartók, a composer who incorporated folk elements into modern music. This movement significantly impacted various disciplines, including visual arts, literature, and music, fostering a spirit of creativity and experimentation that resonated throughout Europe.