Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) is a type of virus that primarily infects T-lymphocytes, a kind of white blood cell important for the immune system. It is associated with certain diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia and tropical spastic paraparesis. HTLV is transmitted through bodily fluids, such as blood, breast milk, and sexual contact. There are two main types of HTLV: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. HTLV-1 is more commonly linked to health issues, while HTLV-2 is less understood. Both types are prevalent in specific regions, including parts of Japan, Africa, and the Caribbean. Early detection and monitoring are crucial for managing potential complications.