Homo Economicus is a theoretical concept in economics that represents an idealized human who makes decisions purely based on rational self-interest. This model assumes that individuals have complete information and will always choose the option that maximizes their utility or satisfaction. The idea of Homo Economicus is often used to analyze economic behavior and predict how people will respond to changes in incentives, prices, and policies. While it simplifies human behavior, critics argue that real people are influenced by emotions, social factors, and cognitive biases, making the model less applicable in complex situations.