The history of Korea dates back to ancient times, with the establishment of the first Korean kingdom, Gojoseon, around 2333 BCE. Over the centuries, Korea saw the rise and fall of several dynasties, including the Three Kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla, which played a significant role in shaping Korean culture and identity. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Korea faced external pressures, leading to its annexation by Japan in 1910. After World War II, Korea was divided into two separate states: North Korea and South Korea, which have since developed distinct political systems and cultures.