The history of automobiles began in the late 19th century with the invention of the first gasoline-powered vehicle by Karl Benz in 1885. This marked the transition from horse-drawn carriages to motorized transport. Early automobiles were often expensive and limited to the wealthy, but innovations in manufacturing, such as the assembly line introduced by Henry Ford in 1913, made cars more affordable and accessible to the general public. By the mid-20th century, automobiles became a symbol of freedom and mobility, leading to the development of extensive road networks. The industry continued to evolve with advancements in technology, safety features, and environmental considerations, shaping the modern automobile we know today.