Historical rulers are individuals who held significant power and authority over a region or nation in the past. They often governed kingdoms, empires, or territories, making decisions that shaped the course of history. Examples include Alexander the Great, who expanded his empire across three continents, and Queen Elizabeth I, who ruled England during a time of cultural flourishing. These rulers typically had various titles, such as king, queen, emperor, or pharaoh, and their reigns were marked by military conquests, political alliances, and social changes. Their legacies continue to influence modern governance and culture, as seen in the practices of constitutional monarchies and democratic systems.